Vectors room a geometric entity that has magnitude and also direction. Vectors have actually a startingpoint and also a terminal suggest which to represent the last position of the point. Assorted arithmetic operations can be used to vectors such together addition, subtraction, and also multiplication. A vector that has a magnitude of 1 is termed a unit vector. For example, vector v = (1,3) is not a unit vector, because its magnitude is not equal come 1, i.e., |v| = √(12+32) ≠ 1.

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Any vector can end up being a unit vector once we divideit by the size of the same given vector. A unit vector is additionally sometimes described as a direction vector. Let united state learn an ext about the unit vector, the formula along with few solved examples.

 1 What Is Unit Vector? 2 Unit Vector Notation 3 Unit Vector Formula 4 Application the Unit Vector 5 Properties of Vectors 6 Solved Examples 7 Practice questions on Unit Vector 8 FAQs ~ above Unit Vector

## What Is Unit Vector?

Unit Vector Definition: Vectors that have actually magnitude amounts to to 1 are called unit vectors, denoted through ^a.The length of unit vectors is 1. Unit vectors are generally used to signify the direction the a vector.

A unit vector has actually the exact same direction together the provided vector but has a size of one unit; for a vector A; a unit vector is; $$\hatA$$ and also $$\vecA = (1/|A|)\hatA$$

### The magnitude of a Vector:

The size of a vector formula offers the numeric value for a provided vector. A vector has both a direction and also a magnitude. The magnitude of a vector formula summarises the individual procedures of the vector follow me the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis. The magnitude of a vector -A is |A|. For a offered vector through the direction follow me the x-axis, y-axis, and also z-axis, the magnitude of the vector have the right to be obtained by calculating the square source of the sum of the square of its direction ratios. Permit us know it clearly from the below magnitude of a vector formula.

For a vector$$\vecA$$ = ai+ bj + ckits size is:\< |A| = \sqrta_1^2 + b_1^2 + c_1^2\>

## Unit Vector Notation

Unit Vector is stood for by the prize ‘^’, i beg your pardon is referred to as a lid or hat, such as $$\hata$$. The is offered by $$\hata$$ = a/|a| wherein |a| is because that norm or size of vector a. It can be calculated utilizing a Unit vector formula or by making use of a calculator.

Unit vector in three-dimension

The unit vectors the ^i, ^j, and ^k room usuallythe unit vectors along the x-axis, y-axis, z-axis respectively. Every vector present in the three-dimensional space can it is in expressed together a linear combination of these unit vectors. The dot commodities of two unit vectors is alwaysa scalar quantity. ~ above the various other hand, the cross-product that two provided unit vectors provides a third vector perpendicular (orthogonal)to both the them.

Unit normal Vector:

A 'normal vector' is a vector the is perpendicular come the surface at a identified point. The is additionally called “normal” come a surface containing the vector. The unit vector the is gained after normalizing the regular vector is the unit typical vector, additionally known together the “unit normal.” because that this, we divide a non-zero typical vector by its vector norm.

## Unit Vector Formula

Asvectors have both size (Value) and also direction, castle are presented with an arrowhead $$\hata$$, and also it denotes a unit vector. If we desire to uncover the unit vector of any type of vector, we division it by the vector's magnitude. Usually, the collaborates of x, y, z are provided to represent any type of vector.

A vector can be stood for in two ways:1. →a = (x, y, z) using the brackets.

2. →a =x^i + y^j +z^k

The formula for the magnitude of a vector is:|→a|=√(x2 + y2 + z2)Unit Vector = Vector/Vector's magnitudeThe above is a unit vector formula.

How to uncover the unit vector?To uncover a unit vector with the same direction together a provided vector, just divide the vector by its magnitude. Because that example, consider a vector v = (1,4) which has actually a magnitude of |v|. If we divide each ingredient of vector v through |v| to acquire the unit vector ^v which is in the very same direction as v.

How to stand for vector in a parentheses format?^a = a/|a| = (x,y,z)/√(x2 + y2 + z2) = x/ (x2 + y2 + z2), y/(x2 + y2 + z2), z/(x2 + y2 + z2)

How to stand for vector in a unit vector component format?^a = a/|a|= (x^i+y^j+z^k)/√(x2 + y2 + z2)= x/(x2 + y2 + z2) . ^i, y/(x2 + y2 + z2) .^j, z/(x2 + y2 + z2) . ^kWhere x, y, z stand for the value of the vector follow me the x- axis, y-axis, z-axis respectively and^a is a unit vector, →ais a vector, |→a|is the size of the vector, ^i, ^j, ^k are the directed unit vectors along the (x, y, z) axis respectively.

## Application of Unit Vector

Unit vectors specify the direction that a vector. Unit vectors deserve to exist in both two and also three-dimensional planes. Every vector have the right to be represented with itsunit vector in the type of the components. The unit vectors that a vector are directed follow me the axes. Unit vectors in 3-d space can be stood for as follows: v = x^ + y^ + z^.

In the 3-d plane, the vector v will be established by 3 perpendicular axes (x, y, and z-axis). In math notations, the unit vector along the x-axis is represented by i^. The unit vector follow me the y-axis is stood for by j^, and also the unit vector along the z-axis is stood for by k^.

The vector v can hence be composed as:

v = xi^ + yj^ + zk^

Electromagnetics deals with electrical forces and also magnetic forces. Right here vectors room come in comfortable to represent and perform calculations including these forces. In day-to-daylife, vectors can represent the velocity the an airplane or a train, wherein both the speed and also the direction of movementare needed.

## Properties the Vectors

The nature of vectors are useful to get a information understanding that vectors and also to perform countless calculations involving vectors, A few important nature of vectors are provided here.

$$\vec A . \vec B = \vec B. \vec A$$$$\vec A \times \vec B\neq \vec B \times \vec A$$$$\hat ns .\hat i =\hat j.\hat j = \hat k.\hat k = 1$$$$\hat i .\hat j =\hat j.\hat k = \hat k.\hat ns = 0$$$$\hat ns \times \hat ns =\hat j\times \hat j = \hat k\times \hat k = 0$$$$\hat i \times \hat j = \hat k~;~ \hat j\times \hat k = \hat i~;~ \hat k\times \hat ns = \hat j$$$$\hat j \times \hat i = -\hat k~;~ \hat k \times \hat j = -\hat i~;~ \hat ns \times \hat k = -\hat j$$The dot product of two vectors is a scalar and also lies in the aircraft of the 2 vectors.The overcome product of two vectors is a vector, i m sorry is perpendicular come the aircraft containing these 2 vectors.

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Important note on Unit Vectors:

The dot product that orthogonal unit vectors is always zero.The overcome product that parallel unit vectors is always zero.Two or much more unit vectors space collinear if your cross product is zero.The norm of a vector is a real non-negative worth that represents its magnitude.

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Example 2:Find the vector of magnitude 8 units and in the direction of the vector $$\hat i - 7\hat j + 2\hat k$$.

Solution: given vector $$\vec A = \hat i - 7\hat j + 2\hat k$$.\beginalign|\vecA| &= \sqrt1^2 + (-7)^2 + 2^2 \\&= \sqrt1 + 49 + 4 \\&= \sqrt54\\&=3\sqrt6\endalignThe unit vector deserve to be calculated making use of this below formula.\beginalign\hat A &= \frac1.\vec A \\&= \frac13\sqrt6.(\hat i - 7\hat j + 2\hat k)\endalign

The vector of size 8 devices =$$\frac4\sqrt69.(\hat i - 7\hat j + 2\hat k)$$Answer: thus the vector of magnitude 8 devices = $$\frac4\sqrt69.(\hat i - 7\hat j + 2\hat k)$$